Atoms may have different numbers of neutrons. Atoms are the smallest fraction of an element that can exist, and still show the properties of the element. They consists of electrons (negatively charged), protons (positively charged), and neutrons (no charge). The number of electrons is equivalent to the number of protons normally however an atom may loose or pick up electrons and have a positive charge or negative charge. The number of neutrons in the nucleus may vary within a given element to give varieties of atoms we call isotopes.
The mitosis stops when chromosomes are at the maximum condenstation, it is practically metaphase but the chromosomes are not attached to the spindles so they don't form the equatorial plate.
The important point is that the surface area to the volume ratio gets smaller as the cell gets larger and as volume increases, surface area to volume ratio decreases. The larger a cell, the less easily it can get rid of waste and it also has more trouble getting water, nutrients and gases in. That is why we do not see giant cells. Instead we see multiple cells in larger organisms.
One way to increase surface area is to flatten the cell. That is why red blood cells are flat discs, instead of spheres. Another way is elongation. That is why many bacteria are rod shaped, and why neurons are elongated. In fact, the human body relies on the same principle to adapt to climate. Long tall and lean folks with long arms and legs live in East Africa, because such shapes increase surface area to get rid of excess body heat to avoid heat strokes. Europeans and Asians adapted to cold climates, in contrast, have shorter arms and legs and rounder torsos to minimize surface area. to conserve body heat.
Answer: B. Shear stress
Explanation: Shear stress is created when two objects are pushing against each other sideways. The image below shows examples of the other options and why they are incorrect.
