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"Little Boy" was the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, Japan, by the American bomber plane Boeing B29 Superfortress Enola Gay plane.
On August 6, 1945 American President Harry S. Truman ordered the bombing of Hiroshima, Japan to subdue Japan into surrender and a speedy end to the war. America remains the only country to have ever used an atomic bomb against an enemy. It resulted in the deaths of tens of thousands of civilians. Three days later Nagasaki, another city in Japan was atomic-bombed as well.
When Ira wears a rubber band that fit loosely around his wrist, and that he uses to "snap" himself with it just hard enough to sting a little bit, he is using <em>aversion therapy</em>. This type of therapy expose the patient to a stimulus while at the same time, being subjected to some form of discomfort. This is done so that the patient begins to associate the discomfort with his/her own behavior, in order to decrease or completely interrupt such act. In the case of Ira, what aversion therapy would look for, is that Ira would start associating the discomfort of snapping the rubber band against his skin with talking without thinking. And by doing so, he would stop to talk without thinking.