$1.\:2^x=64, x=\boxed{6},\\2.\:x=\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^3,x=\boxed{\frac{8}{125}}\\3.\:3\cdot (3^4)=3^x, x=\boxed{5}\\4.\:\frac{16}{25}=x^2,x=\boxed{\frac{4}{5}},$

Step-by-step explanation:

$1.\\\\2^x=64,\\\log 2^x=\log64,\\x\log 2=\log 64,\\x=\frac{\log 64}{\log 2}=\boxed{6}$

$2.\\x=\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)^3=\frac{2^3}{5^3}=\boxed{\frac{8}{125}}$

3. This problem incorporates an exponent property.

Exponent property used: $a^b\cdot a^c=a^{(b+c)}$ , yielding an answer of $\boxed{5}$

$4.\\\\\frac{16}{25}=x^2,\\x=\sqrt{\frac{16}{25}}=\frac{\sqrt{16}}{\sqrt{25}}=\boxed{\frac{4}{5}}$

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