The necessary and proper clause (Article 1 Section 8 of the United States Constitution) states that Congress has implied powers. Implied powers indicates that just because the right/responsibility is not given directly to Congress in the constitution, it does not mean they can't do it.
For example, the first Supreme Court case that brought this up was McCullough vs. Maryland. In this case, it was decided that Congress has implied powers, including the power to creation a national bank.
new industries need time and practice to become efficient producers
- tariffs and other protectionist policies are defended on the grounds that they protect new industries in the early stages of their development
- a tariff shields a young industry from the competition of its more mature rivals
- after the infant industry acquires the ability to produce goods efficiently and at a competitive price, the tariff can be eliminated because the industry is able to compete
- problems: a protected infant industry lacks incentive to become more efficient and competitive; once an industry is given tariff protection, it is difficult to take the protection away
During the earliest days of the American Revolution, General Washington believed that the chances of a colonial victory were slim, since they were up against the largest and most experience military in the world.
Odometer, basis of geometry, water mill