By looking at the current state of the question, the answer is associative property because that seems to be the only option present
Answer: 
Step-by-step explanation:
Here the total numbers are 1, 4, 3, 7, 6
Since the total number of possible arrangement =
The total number of the odd numbers in the given numbers = 3
Thus the possible arrangement that the first three digits will be odd numbers = 
Thus, the probability that the first three digits of Irvings ID number will be odd numbers = the possible arrangement that the first three digits will be odd numbers / total possible arrangement =
= 
The pages would be 166 and 167
"Linear function" means the highest degree of any term is 1.
Equation 1: degree is 2
Equation 2: degree is 2
Equation 3: degree is 1 . . . . this is your linear function
Equation 4: degree is 4