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2 years ago

BRAINIEST TO THE ONE WHO ANSWER THIS

Chemistry

2 answers:

maria [59]2 years ago

8 0

Answer:

1. Across a period , the ionization energy increases because the formation of a cation becomes more difficult owing to the increase in nuclear charge.

2. Ionization energy decreases down the group because the outer electrons become progressively separated from the nucleus and so are less tightly held .

Explanation:

alexandr1967 [171]2 years ago

4 0

Answer:

The statement that best describes the trend in first ionization enery of elements on the periodic table is:

It generally decreases down a group because valence electrons are farther from the nucleus.

The first ionization energy measures how difficult is to release an electron from the outermost shell. The higher the ionization energy the more difficult it is to release an electron, the lower the ionication energy the easier to release an electron.

As the atomic number of the atom increases (which is what happens when you go down a group) the furthest the outermost shell of electrons will be (the size of the atoms increases) and so those electrons require less energy to be released, which means that the ionization energy decreases.

Hope it helps!

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3 years ago

Which is the correct complete ionic equation for the reaction of

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b) 2H+(aq) + 2C1-(aq) + Zn(s) → H2(g) + Zn2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)

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2HCl(aq) + Zn(s) + H2(g) + ZnCl2(aq)

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2 years ago

How would a collapsing universe affect light emitted from clusters and superclusters? A. Light would acquire a blueshift. B. Lig

Lady_Fox [76]

Answer:

Choice A: Light would acquire a blueshift.

Explanation:

When a universe collapses, clusters of stars start to move towards each other. There are two ways to explain why light from these stars will acquire a blueshift.

Stars move toward each other; Frequency increases due to Doppler's Effect.

The time period $t$ of a beam of light is the same as the time between two consecutive peaks. If $\lambda$ is the wavelength of the beam, and both the source and observer are static, the time period $T$ will be the same as the time it takes for light travel the distance of one $\lambda$ (at the speed of light in vacuum, $c$ ).

$\displaystyle t = \frac{\lambda}{c}$ .

Frequency $f$ is the reciprocal of time period. Therefore

$\displaystyle f = \frac{1}{t} = \frac{c}{\lambda}$ .

Light travels in vacuum at a constant speed. However, in a collapsing universe, the star that emit the light keeps moving towards the observer. Let the distance between the star and the observer be $d$ when the star sent the first peak.

Distance from the star when the first peak is sent: $d$ .
Time taken for the first peak to arrive: $\displaystyle t_1 =\frac{d}{c}$ .

The star will emit its second peak after a time of. Meanwhile, the distance between the star and the observer keeps decreasing. Let $v$ be the speed at which the star approaches the observer. The star will travel a distance of $v\cdot t$ before sending the second peak.

Distance from the star when the second peak is sent: $d - v\cdot t$ .
Time taken for the second peak to arrive: $\displaystyle t_2 =t + \frac{d - v\cdot t}{c}$ .

The period of the light is $t$ when emitted from the star. However, the period will appear to be shorter than $t$ for the observer. The time period will appear to be:

$\begin{aligned}\displaystyle t' &= t_2 - t_1\\ &= t + \frac{d - v\cdot t}{c} - \frac{d}{c}\\&= t + (\frac{d}{c} - \frac{v\cdot t}{c}) -\frac{d}{c}\\&= t - \frac{v\cdot t}{c} \end{aligned}$ .

The apparent time period $t'$ is smaller than the initial time period, $t$ . Again, the frequency of a beam of light is inversely proportional to its period. A smaller time period means a higher frequency. Colors at the high-frequency end of the visible spectrum are blue and violet. The color of the beam of light will shift towards the blue end of the spectrum when observed than when emitted. In other words, a collapsing universe will cause a blueshift on light from distant stars.

The Space Fabric Shrinks; Wavelength decreases as the space is compressed.

When the universe collapses, one possibility is that clusters of stars move towards each other. Alternatively, the space fabric might shrink, which will also bring the clusters toward each other.

It takes time for light from a distant cluster to reach an observer on the ground. The space fabric keeps shrinking while the beam of light makes its way through the space. The wavelength of the beam will shrink at the same rate. The wavelength of the beam of light will be shorter by the time the beam arrives at its destination.

Colors at the short-wavelength end of the visible spectrum are blue and violet. Again, the color of the light will shift towards the blue end of the spectrum. The conclusion will be the same: a collapsing universe will cause a blueshift on light from distant stars.

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