<h3>Why is Hydroxide added ?</h3>
In the polymerization reaction, the lone pair electrons on the NH₂ groups of hexanediamine attack the C=O groups of the dicarboxylic acid in a nucleophilic substitution reaction as shown in the image.
Hydroxide is added to remove any H⁺ ions present and keep the hexanediamine in the deprotonated form, so that the NH₂ lone pair electrons are available for reaction.
<h3 /><h3>What if you don't add it ?</h3>
If hydroxide is not added, the NH₂ groups will get protonated by H⁺ ions present to give NH₃⁺ groups, which cannot react.
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Solution :
<u>Explanation 1 </u>:
Spontaneity of the reaction is based on two factors :
-- the tendency to acquire a state of minimum energy
-- the energy of a system to acquire a maximum randomness.
Now, since there isn't much difference in the bond enthalpies of B-F and B-Cl. So, we can say the major driving factor is tendency to acquire a state of maximum randomness.
<u>Explanation 2 </u>:
A system containing the B halides has a than a system of and .
It has the same number of , but more distinguishable kinds of , hence, more microstates and higher entropy.
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Answer: A it goes hot to cold not cold to hot.
Explanation: