Answer:
a) 16.2 dm^3/mol*h
b) 6.1 × 10^3 s, 2.5 × 10^3 s (it is different to the hint)
Explanation:
We can use the integrated rate equation in order to obtain k.
For the reaction A+ B --> P the reaction rate is written as
Rate = ![-\frac{dC_A}{dt} = -\frac{dC_B}{dt} = \frac{dC_P}{dt} = kC_AC_B](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=-%5Cfrac%7BdC_A%7D%7Bdt%7D%20%3D%20-%5Cfrac%7BdC_B%7D%7Bdt%7D%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BdC_P%7D%7Bdt%7D%20%3D%20kC_AC_B)
If
and
are the inital concentrations and x the concentration reacted at time t, so
and
and the rate at time t is written as:
![-\frac{dx}{dt} =-k(C_{A0} -x)(C_{B0}-x)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=-%5Cfrac%7Bdx%7D%7Bdt%7D%20%3D-k%28C_%7BA0%7D%20-x%29%28C_%7BB0%7D-x%29)
Separating variables and integrating
![\int\limits^x_0 {\frac{1}{(C_{A0}-x)(C_{B0}-x)} } \, dx = \int\limits^t_0 {k} \, dt](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cint%5Climits%5Ex_0%20%7B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B%28C_%7BA0%7D-x%29%28C_%7BB0%7D-x%29%7D%20%7D%20%5C%2C%20dx%20%3D%20%5Cint%5Climits%5Et_0%20%7Bk%7D%20%5C%2C%20dt)
The integral in left side is solved by partial fractions, it can be used integral tables
![\frac{1}{C_{B0}-C_{A0}}(ln\frac{C_{A0}}{C_{A0}-x}-ln\frac{C_{B0}}{C_{B0}-x}) =kt](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BC_%7BB0%7D-C_%7BA0%7D%7D%28ln%5Cfrac%7BC_%7BA0%7D%7D%7BC_%7BA0%7D-x%7D-ln%5Cfrac%7BC_%7BB0%7D%7D%7BC_%7BB0%7D-x%7D%29%20%3Dkt)
Using logarithm properties (ln x - ln y = ln(x/y))
![\frac{1}{C_{B0}-C_{A0}}(ln\frac{C_{A0}C_{B}}{C_{A}C_{B0}}) =kt](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BC_%7BB0%7D-C_%7BA0%7D%7D%28ln%5Cfrac%7BC_%7BA0%7DC_%7BB%7D%7D%7BC_%7BA%7DC_%7BB0%7D%7D%29%20%3Dkt)
Using the given values k can be calculated. But the data seems inconsistent since if the concentration of A changes from 0.075 to 0.02 mol dm^-3 it implies that 0.055 mol dm^-3 of A have reacted after 1 h, so according to the reaction given the same quantity of B should react, and we only have a
of 0.05 mol dm^-3.
Assuming that the concentration of B fall to 0.02 mol dm^-3 (and not the concentration the A). So we arrive to the answer given in the Hint.
So, the values given are t= 1,
,
,
, it implies that the quantity reacted, x, is 0.03 and
. Then, the value of k would be
![kt = \frac{1}{0.05-0.075}(ln\frac{0.075*0.02}{0.045*0.05})](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=kt%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B0.05-0.075%7D%28ln%5Cfrac%7B0.075%2A0.02%7D%7B0.045%2A0.05%7D%29%20)
![k = 16.21 \frac{dm^3}{mol*1h}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=k%20%3D%2016.21%20%5Cfrac%7Bdm%5E3%7D%7Bmol%2A1h%7D)
b) the question b requires calculate the time when the concentration of the specie is half of the initial concentration.
For reactant A, It is solved with the same equation
![\frac{1}{C_{B0}-C_{A0}}(ln\frac{C_{A0}C_{B}}{C_{A}C_{B0}}) =kt](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BC_%7BB0%7D-C_%7BA0%7D%7D%28ln%5Cfrac%7BC_%7BA0%7DC_%7BB%7D%7D%7BC_%7BA%7DC_%7BB0%7D%7D%29%20%3Dkt)
but suppossing that
so
, k=16.2 and the same initial concentrations. Replacing in the equation
![t=\frac{1}{16.2(0.05-0.075)}(ln\frac{0.075*0.0125}{0.0375*0.05})](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=t%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B16.2%280.05-0.075%29%7D%28ln%5Cfrac%7B0.075%2A0.0125%7D%7B0.0375%2A0.05%7D%29)
For reactant B,
so
, k=16.2 and the same initial concentrations. Replacing in the equation
Note: The procedure presented is correct, despite of the answer be something different to the given in the hint, I obtain that result if the k is 19.2... (maybe an error in calculation of given numbers)