The founders established Congress as a bicameral legislature as a check against tyranny. They feared having any one governmental body become too strong. This bicameral system distributes power within two houses that check and balance one another rather than concentrating authority in a single body. The House of Representatives is the larger body with membership based on each state’s population. The Senate is the smaller body with each state having two delegates. With one hundred members, the Senate is a more intimate, less formal legislative body than the House, which has 435 members elected from districts that are roughly the same size in population.
Members of Congress must reside in the district or state that elects them, although the Constitution does not specify for how long. Residency can become a campaign issue, as it did when former first lady and current secretary of state, Hillary Rodham Clinton, ran for a Senate seat from New York soon after leaving the White House, despite having never lived in the state. She was successful despite having to fend off criticism that as a carpetbagger she was not suited to represent New York’s interests in Congress. The term “carpetbagger” refers to a politician who runs for office from an area where he or she has lived for only a short time and has few community ties. It derives from a derogatory term coined after the Civil War referring to Northerners who went south to profit from the Reconstruction, carrying “carpet bags” for luggage. Members of Congress are elected locally to serve nationally. All aspects of members’ jobs, whether it be making laws or providing service to people in their home districts, are influenced by this dual concern with representing local constituencies while dealing with national policy.
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. This is Nineteenth Amendment.
What does the 19th amendment do?
The 19th amendment, approved by Congress on June 4, 1919, and ratified on August 18, 1920, gave women the right to vote. The right to vote for women in America is legally protected under the 19th amendment. This accomplishment needed a protracted and challenging battle; triumph required decades of activism and resistance.
Why was the 19th Amendment a turning point in history?
The 19th amendment marked a paradigm shift by granting women the right to vote. Previously, women were only permitted to participate in home affairs and were not permitted to engage in national politics.
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