I would say D. beginning, early proficient and advanced competence as it is to do with throwing so is a physical skill so can be described in these ways according to the level of proficiency or competence exhibited by the sports person.
I believe the answer is: c. initial, elementary, emerging elementary, and proficient
Initial stage refers to the period when students just experiencing education environment. Elementary and emerging elementary happen when students start to grasp the concept of new knowledge and use their intellectual ability to dive further into the topic. Proficient stage refers to the period when students able to conduct further study without many assistance from others.
Explain the notion of collective responsibility and the conditions under which it comes into being and how it might apply to nurses. After doing that you may offer an example of a case.