Question

Second-generation antipsychotic drugs bind to dopamine receptors and _____ receptors

Answer 1

I believe the correct answer is serotonin

Explanation:

Antipsychotic drugs are use to treat psychosis brought by any psychotic disorder for example the condition called schizophrenia. They can also be used to treat manic episodes of Bipolar disorder. The antipsychotics are divided into first-generation antipsychotics and second-generation antipsychotics with different outcomes.

Further Explanation:

Second-generation antipsychotics are also known as atypical antipsychotics but with minimal side effects and they have some efficacy that is almost the same to the first generation antipsychotics. The second generation antipsychotics bind antagonistically to the dopamine D2 receptors and also bind to serotonin 5HT2 receptors. They have more affinity to these 5HT2 receptors than the dopamine D2 receptors and this is the reason why they have less side effects compared to the first-generation antipsychotics. Binding antagonistically to the receptors will help reduce the symptoms and the intensity of the extrapyramidal symptoms that are experienced. Examples of second generation antipsychotics include Asenapine, Clozapine, Lurasidone, Risperidone and Olanzapine. Clozapine is the most common drug in this category and binds weakly to the dopamine D2 receptors and more strongly to the serotonin 5-HT2 receptors. It has a half life of 12 hours. Due to these drugs binding to the alpha 1, alpha 2 and H1 receptors, they bring about side effects such as postural hypotension. Others such as risperidone cause high levels of prolactin that may cause galactorrhea. Use of these second generation antipsychotics predisposes elderly users to increased risk of stroke. All side effects include seizures in overdoses, sedation, urinary retention, postural hypotension, sexual dysfunction due to the hypotension that affects erection, cardiac arrhythmias and in fatal instances myocardial infarction, dry mouth and extrapyramidal symptoms that are similar to Parkinson's i.e. rigidity, bradykinesia and tremors that start a few weeks after the start of dosages for these drugs. Weight loss is miscellaneous and is not so common to users.

Level: College

Subject: Physiology

Topic: Pharmacology

Answer 2

The answer is atypical or second-generation antipsychotic drugs.  This is known as a group of antipsychotic drugs. Such drugs are; tranquilizers, neuroleptics usually used for psychiatric conditions like autism, schizophrenia. Some of the side effects are cardiac related, diabetes and blood clots. However, it was said to be much safer than compared with first-generation antipsychotic drugs.