N 25 March 1965, Martin Luther King led thousands of nonviolent
demonstrators to the steps of the capitol in Montgomery, Alabama, after a
5-day, 54-mile march from Selma, Alabama, where local African
Americans, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
had been campaigning for voting rights. King told the assembled crowd:
‘‘There never was a moment in American history more honorable and more
inspiring than the pilgrimage of clergymen and laymen of every race and
faith pouring into Selma to face danger at the side of its embattled
Negroes’’ (King, ‘‘Address at the Conclusion of the Selma to Montgomery
March,’’ 121).
On 2 January 1965 King and SCLC joined the SNCC,
the Dallas County Voters League, and other local African American
activists in a voting rights campaign in Selma where, in spite of
repeated registration attempts by local blacks, only two percent were on
the voting rolls. SCLC had chosen to focus its efforts in Selma because
they anticipated that the notorious brutality of local law enforcement
under Sheriff Jim Clark would attract national attention and pressure President <span>Lyndon B. Johnson </span>and Congress to enact new national voting rights legislation.
The
campaign in Selma and nearby Marion, Alabama, progressed with mass
arrests but little violence for the first month. That changed in
February, however, when police attacks against nonviolent demonstrators
increased. On the night of 18 February, Alabama state troopers joined
local police breaking up an evening march in Marion. In the ensuing
melee, a state trooper shot Jimmie Lee Jackson,
a 26-year-old church deacon from Marion, as he attempted to protect his
mother from the trooper’s nightstick. Jackson died eight days later in a
Selma hospital.
In response to Jackson’s death, activists in
Selma and Marion set out on 7 March, to march from Selma to the state
capitol in Montgomery. While King was in Atlanta, his SCLC colleague Hosea Williams, and SNCC leader John Lewis
led the march. The marchers made their way through Selma across the
Edmund Pettus Bridge, where they faced a blockade of state troopers and
local lawmen commanded by Clark and Major John Cloud who ordered the
marchers to disperse. When they did not, Cloud ordered his men to
advance. Cheered on by white onlookers, the troopers attacked the crowd
with clubs and tear gas. Mounted police chased retreating marchers and
continued to beat them.
To turn a verb into past tense usually have "ed" at the end
ex: she was laughing
past tense: she laughed
future: she will laugh
The use of the word flippant in Purple hibiscus refers to Kambili's attempt to indicate that Aunty Ifeoma is speaking to Papa in a disrespectful manner.
When someone speaks to someone else disrespectfully, this phrase is used to indicate it. We can infer from the way it is employed here that the narrator is attempting to explain Aunty Ifeoma's communication style with her brother dad. His sister is able to speak to Papa in a shallow or insulting manner despite the fact that he is greatly feared by his family.
In the postcolonial Nigeria of Purple Hibiscus, there is political unrest and economic hardship. Kambili Achike, the main character, is a member of a prosperous family in Enugu State, where she lives with her devoutly Catholic father Eugene. She is fifteen years old during the majority of the time period covered by the novel.
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