Answer:
the smell or taste of chicken salad
Explanation:
- A conditioned stimulus is the one which was previously a neutral stimulus but hen it gets paired with the unconditioned stimulus it leads to a conditioned response.
- The learned response which is produced in response to a neutral stimulus is the conditioned response.
- In the given condition the smell or taste of a chicken salad causes Allison to feel nauseated and hence, the taste or smell of a chicken salad is the conditioned stimulus which generates a conditioned response which in this case is nausea.
T cell receptor, Cytotoxic T Cell, CD4, Antigen, Bacterium,
B – cell, Cell mediated response, Class II MHC, Cytokines, and Humoral Response
are the components for the activation of a helper t cell by a dendritic cell.
This is a true statement. An electron closer to the nucleus would be difficult to remove because the electronegativity of the atom would be greater.
Answer:
the ecosystem will be disturbed... the animals feeding on it will be reduced due to lack of food and the animals on which the star fish was feeding will be increased which causes a total imbalance in ecosystem..
