<h2>Sodium channels </h2>
Explanation:
Depolarization is a result of sodium channels opening as a result of chemical or pressure-based stimuli
- Depolarization starts when a threshold stimulus applied on a neuron via Na+ mechanically operated channels that trigger action potential
- Action potential is an efficient signaling process by which distantly located cells communicate to each other
- Depolarization of membrane potential is due to influx of Na+ via voltage gated Na+ channels
- Fast opening of voltage gated Na+ channel shifts membrane potential from -70mV to + 50mV at which voltage gated Na+ channels become inactive thus influx of Na+ abruptly stops
C. ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) has three phosphate groups attached. Each one of the groups occupies an extremely high energy bond (free energy that can do work). In muscle contraction, that high-energy bond is broken and the energy is released for muscle contraction. So when the bond is broken, you end up with ADP (Adenosine Dipohosphate) - broken down.
Examples:
Respiratory System, (I think) Organ System, Circulatory System, Nervous System, etc.
