Question

In the 1700s and 1800s. royalty in Europe often married their close relatives: furthermore, recessive genetic diseases such as hemophilia showed up much more often among royals than in the general population. Explain the likely connection. Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences.

Answer 1

Answer:

Hi

Inbreeding increases the chances of transmission to the next generation of types of inherited diseases. Our genome is made up of two copies of each gene, one inherited from our father and one from our mother. In order for autosomal recessive diseases to be found, the two copies of the gene need to be mutated. If only one of the copies is mutated and the other is not, the person is a carrier but does not manifest any of the clinical symptoms of the disease. One of these diseases is hemophilia. An example of this is Prince Leopold, he was the first real member affected by hemophilia, in this case hemophilia B. When one of the proteins necessary for blood clotting is missing, the wounds take much longer to heal. Small cuts are not usually a problem, but major injuries can cause bleeding.

The defective gene in people who suffer from this type of hemophilia is called F9, and it is located on the X chromosome. That means it has an inheritance linked to sex. Women have two X chromosomes (XX), while men have an X chromosome and one Y (XY). Since hemophilia alleles are recessive, two defective alleles are needed in women to suffer from the disease, while only one is needed in men. Therefore, the disease is much more common in men. The most frequent hemophilia is that of type A and is due to a defect in coagulation factor VIII, whose gene also has an inheritance linked to sex.

Explanation: