Battle of Tours, also called Battle of Poitiers, (October 732), victory won by Charles Martel, the de facto ruler of the Frankish kingdoms, over Muslim invaders from Spain. The battlefield cannot be exactly located, but it was fought somewhere between Tours and Poitiers, in what is now west-central France.The death of the Visigothic king Witiza in 710 left Spain in disarray. The Gothic nobles refused to recognize his young sons and elected Roderick, dux (duke) of Baetica, to succeed him. Gothic Gaul followed Witiza’s son Akhila, and the Basques rebelled. As Roderick marched north to quell the Basques, his rivals appealed to Mūsā ibn Nuṣayr, the Umayyad governor of the Maghreb. Mūsā dispatched an army under Ṭāriq ibn Ziyād in late spring 711. The force landed at Gibraltar, crossed to mainland Spain, and in July 711 defeated Roderick’s army.Instead of returning to North Africa, Ṭāriq marched on the Visigothic capital of Toledo and took the city with minimal resistance. Mūsā arrived with a larger army in 712, and the two Muslim generals soon occupied most of the Iberian Peninsula. Although both Ṭāriq and Mūsā were recalled to the seat of the Umayyad caliphate in Damascus, their successors consolidated Muslim control of Spain and attempted to expand their holdings to the north. In 719 Muslim armies crossed the Pyrenees, taking Narbonne and establishing Berber settlements in Gothic Gaul. By 725 Muslim raiding parties were venturing as far as Burgundy, and in 731 they may have sacked Arles on the Rhône River.
1- The correct answer is C. The National Labor Relations Act was also known as the Wagner Act.
The National Labor Relations Act, also called the Wagner Act, was a federal law of the United States issued in July 1935 to limit the reactions of employers against workers who formed unions, collectively offered their services, joined strikes, or performed similar acts of defense of their rights in concerted form, whether forming a union or without it.
This act was not applicable to workers subject to special regimes: railway workers, agricultural workers, domestic workers, independent contractors, or workers of the federal or state government, these had their own rules.
2- The correct answer is D. The New Deal had some impact on bringing about an end to the Great Depression.
New Deal was the name given by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to his interventionist policy put in place to fight against the effects of the Great Depression in the United States. This program was developed between 1933 and 1938 with the objective of supporting the poorest layers of the population, reforming financial markets and revitalizing a wounded American economy since the crash of 1929 due to unemployment and bankruptcies.
The fight against the crisis lasted until the United States mobilized its economy with the Second World War. The success of the New Deal is undeniable on the social level. The policy carried out by President Franklin D. Roosevelt changed the country through reforms and not through a revolution. On the other hand, the programs of the New Deal were openly experimental, manifestly perfectible, and given the costs of this process, there could be preferred a more complete change program. However, the imperfect nature of the New Deal allowed a constructive criticism and a more deliberate reflection that opened the way to an improvement of American democracy in the following years and which lasts until today.
Needed a strong central government
