Why exactly do we humans have such an incredibly large influence on other species and the natural world? We are unique among animal species in that we survive and reproduce in a wide variety of environments through cultural adaptations (Richerson et al. 1996). In contrast, other species are primarily able to survive and reproduce due to biological adaptations that result from eons of natural selection and biological evolution. The cultural adaptations of humans have allowed them to colonize nearly every ecosystem type on Earth. In addition, cultural innovations have allowed the human population to grow exponentially for millennia. Such sustained population growth is unparalleled by any other species on the planet. The population of a typical species grows until it reaches the carrying capacity of its environment, then levels off or declines. In other words, it grows until it is fully utilizing the available resources, such as food and space. At this point mechanisms such as disease and starvation keep the population from continuing to grow. However, we humans have responded to resource scarcity with cultural practices and technologies that increase the availability of resources. We raise our food on farms and live in multi-story apartment buildings, increasing the carrying capacity of the environment for humans. This growth eventually requires yet more cultural adaptations to increase resources, and the alteration of the natural environment and the rate of cultural evolution is accelerated. Currently the global human population is large enough and the technologies that allow humans to manipulate the environment are potent enough that human-caused alterations to the biosphere are causing the extinction of innumerable wildlife species. If present trends continue, there will be an eventual crash in the human population that will bring great suffering and cause widespread environmental damage. This is the root cause of the modern environmental crisis. This chapter deals with how we got into the present situation from the perspective of cultural interactions with wildlife and wild lands.
Answer:
D. They spoke against Puritan leaders
Explanation:
Both Williams and Hutchinson believed in religious freedom. They stood up for this belief and were very outspoken against the Puritans.
The correct answer is the dopamine reward system.
The dopamine reward system in the brain is implicated in reward seeking behavior, praise and monetary rewards, addictive substances and feelings of love. When a person experiences feelings of love or passion, fMRI studies (brain scans) indicate that regions in the brain's dopamine reward system (particularly the caudate nucleus and putamen areas) show an increase in activity and functioning.
The Lewis and Clark expedition, also known as the Corps of Discovery, started its lengthy journey to explore the lands of the Louisiana Purchase in search of a river route across the West to the Pacific Ocean in May 1804. They travelled up the Missouri River all the way to the village of St. Charles. The men received no more supplies or reinforcements after they passed that village. During the summer of 1804, after travelling for more than 600 miles, the Corps of Discovery finally met some Native Americans who helped them and provided them with fresh fruits and vegetables. They also provided them with horses and a guide to lead them across the Rocky Mountains.
The expedition finally reached the Pacific Ocean in November 1805. Since they had not found a river route to the Pacific, they headed back home in March 1806. The Pike Expedition was established when an army officer, Zebulon Pike, was sent on a mission to find the starting point of the Red River, which was important because it was considered the western border of the Louisiana Territory with New Spain. Pike started out by heading into the Rocky Mountains, aka Colorado, and then tried to reach the apex of the mountain now called ‘Pike’s Peak’. He travelled in Spanish lands in 1807, until he was arrested by the Spanish, who thought he was a spy. Later, when he was released, he went back to the United States and recounted his trip. Even though he was imprisoned, he was pleased to do business with the Spanish. Pike’s expedition gave many Americans an insight into the Southwest. However, if the 2 expeditions are to be compared, the Lewis and Clark Expedition was definitely more successful because although they did not find a continuous waterway to the Pacific Ocean, they located an Indian trail that led from the upper end of the Missouri River to the Columbia River which ran to the Pacific Ocean.
Answer:
Looking at your resource it looks like it would be answer B
Explanation:
