The atoms are linked with each other by the chemical bonds. Major types of chemical bonds are ionic bond, chemical bond, vanderwall interactions and hydrophobic interaction.
Covalent is the strongest among all the chemical bonds. The covalent bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of the electrons between the atoms. The covalent bonds has the high bond energy and play important role in the biological interactions.
When red blood cells are in a higher concentrated solution, water flows out of the cells faster than it comes in. This results in crenation or shrivelling of the cell.
