In a controlled experiment, an independent variable (the cause) is systematically manipulated and the dependent variable (the effect) is measured; any extraneous variables are controlled. The researcher can operationalize (i.e. define) the variables being studied so they can be objectivity measured.
Answer:
Reject some alternative hypothesis.
Yes from multiple sources of runoff. Im pretty sure.
The probability of the guine pigs blend black is 2-3
Answer:
T~T
Explanation:
sowwy I can't, I can't see them very well but just guess and google the ones you can, good luck!!