<span>The energy transformation in the sun is primarily the change of nuclear energy to light energy.
More Explainable: </span><span>The sun is said to "burn hydrogen" but what that really means is that near the center of the sun there is enough temperature and pressure to cause the fusion of hydrogen nuclei (protons) into helium nuclei (two protons and two neutrons). The fusion (not fission) reaction energy give off energy in a complex way that includes heat and light. The light works its way out from the center of the sun to the surface and eventually out of the surface into space. That is the sunlight we see as well as some light that is outside our range of vision. The light is electromagnetic energy. </span>
I think I understand even without the picture. I'll add a picture of the Punnett Square filled in, but what you're crossing is
Tt x tt (heterozygous crossed with a homozygous recessive)
The ratio you get in the end is 2 heterozygous (Tt) and 2 homozygous (tt) offspring, so the ratio is 1:1.
So the percentage of offspring that are homozygous recessive is 50%.
Answer:
I think the question is "How might an RNA-based genome results display an increased in infection rate?" because current statement doesn't convey a message clearly.
Explanation:
To answer this question, we need to understand first that what is gene expression. Gene expression is a process in which genetic information is transcribed first to RNA and then into proteins. During transcription stage, only active genes would be transcribed to RNA and all other DNA material don't transcribe at all. Now, if there is an infection, host cell would express only those genes which would actively take part in the defense mechanism, e.g. R-genes, genes involved in production of reactive oxygen species, etc. Hence, to monitor the infection rate, we will look at the RNA-based genome. To do this, we will extract the total RNA and then would sequence it. Then we will annotate the genes and check the relative abundance (differential expression). Finally, we would have a clear that these genes were active against the infection. By doing temporal sampling and sequencing, we would be able to measure the rate as well.
For the second part, potential complications that could arise in doing analysis is the lower amount of RNA, or rapid degradation of RNA in case of presence of RNAses. RNA can be degraded easily at room temperature.
In prokaryotes, horizontal gene transfer (HGT), the transfer of genetic material from one organism to another organism within the same generation, is an important way to promote genetic diversity. HGT allows even distantly related species to share genes, influencing their phenotypes.
Transformation: Mode of genetic transfer in which “bare DNA” is taken up from the environment is taken up by cells
Transduction: Mode of genetic transfer in which genes are transferred by a bacteriophage to a bacterial cell
Conjugation: Mode of genetic transfer in which two cells must come in contact and genetic material is transferred to a recipient cell from a donor cell through its pili
The oldest fossils present at the bottom of rock layer whereas the youngest fossils are present in the top layer.
<h2>Rock layers from oldest to youngest</h2>
The rock layers that is located farthest from the ground surface are considered as the oldest rock layers and rock layers that are closest to the ground surface are considered as the youngest. A fossil is the remains or traces of plants and animals that lived long ago.
<h3>Presence of fossil</h3>
Those fossils which are present at the bottom of the rock layers are considered as the oldest fossil followed by the upper layer's fossil and so on. The fossils present at the top layer are the youngest fossils so we can conclude that oldest fossils present at the bottom of rock layer whereas the youngest fossils are present in the top layer.
Learn more about rock layer here: brainly.com/question/14545004
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