It is a replacement that has an important effect on protein function because Arg and Gln are residues with different chemical properties.
Explanation:
In this case, Arginine (Arg) is a basic and positively charged residue, while Glutamine (Gln) is an uncharged (neutral) amino acid. Non-conservative substitutions like that are generally expected to have deleterious effects and they are generally removed by natural selection. Moreover, Arg is also a target for phosphorylation, which is the most important posttranslational modification. Phosphorylation is known to be capable of causing the activation of different proteins, especially kinases, and, therefore, the mutation at Arg109 might also inactivate the active site of this protein.
The correct answer is: C. Reforestation would take the longest time to be effective because trees take several years to grow.
Reforestation is a process of re-growing trees in an area which had for some reason lost its forest cover (deforestation). This method is often used in order to rebuild natural habitats and ecosystems. Reforestation would benefit many species in a woodland region and biodiversity will increase.
The 3 similarities for the 3 domains (archaea, bacteria, and eukarya) of life share are <u>cellular organisation, biochemistry, and molecular biology</u>.
