In plant cells, the chloroplast organelle produces the fuel for the mitochondria.
- As stated in the question, all living organisms whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic require energy for their metabolic activities.
FUNCTION OF CHLOROPLAST:
- The chloroplast is an organelle found in plant cells. It is the site of a unique process called PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Photosynthesis is the process by which plant cells obtain their food (glucose) required for production of energy in the mitochondria.
- The chloroplast houses a pigment called CHLOROPHYLL, which captures light energy for the photosynthetic process.
- Therefore, plant cells are able to produce the fuel (food) needed for energy production by the mitochondria, with the help of an organelle called CHLOROPLAST.
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Adenine located on the leading strand of DNA,
Explanation:
Common to genetic drift, the founder principle, and the bottleneck effect:
b. in small populations and result in a decrease in genetic diversity and/or an increase in the occurrence of specific genetic traits
c. when a small group of organisms only reproduce with each other to create a larger population of organisms
d. when the majority of a population is killed off and there are only a few remaining organisms left to rebuild the population
Further Explanation:
During the process of cell division, spontaneous changes within the genome can arise, called mutations. These are errors occur when copies of the DNA within the cell are made; mutations may range from small changes called single nucleotide polymorphisms, to large scale deletions, and additions which span multiple genes.
These mutations form variants which become stable within a population, leading to the formation of separate, genetically distinct populations called species.
- mutations accumulate in a population over time, altering the frequency of alleles or different forms of a gene- this is called genetic drift.
- In the founder effect, the separation of a group from a larger group can decrease genetic diversity, this can create a genetically distinct population
- In the bottleneck effect, a population die off or barrier to reproduction increases the genetic drift in the population
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