Answer:
a. The directionality of the complementary strand is antiparallel. The double-stranded DNA is antiparallel comprising two strands, which run alongside each other, however, point in reverse directions. In a double-stranded molecule of DNA, the 5 prime ends of one strand align with the 3 prime ends of the other strand, and vice versa.
b. The mediation of base pairing is done by non-covalent hydrogen bonds. It is reversible, that is, the strands can separate and can come combined again without any chemical modification.
The specificity of base pairing is illustrated by hydrogen bonds that is, the first strand produces hydrogen bonds only with a particular base in the second strand, and these two bases produce a base-pair.
c. The interaction or association of non-covalent type, that is, hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding. Collectively, they both are strong. In the process, one base associate with the other base on the complementary strand.
d. The phosphate backbone possesses the tendency to associate with water on the outside of the molecule, and this is favorable chemically as both the strands are held together by hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction.
The polar molecules of sugar can produce hydrogen bonds with the surrounding molecules of water. The negatively charged phosphate group associate with the positively charged ions. The nonpolar nitrogen bases are found within the molecule and associate favorably through stacking interactions.
Answer:
The movement is caused by the convection currents that roll over in the upper zone of the mantle. This movement in the mantle causes the plates to move slowly across the surface of the Earth.
Explanation:
They most likely uses a sample and a microscope to see.
Answer:
The two main processes of cell division, meiosis and mitosis, have in common their main steps. In both cases the metaphase ( pairing of homologous chromosomes), anaphase (migration of chromosomes to the ends) and telophase (beginning of DNA decondensation and cell division) are very similar.
The greatest difference occurs in prophase I of the meiosis, which involves the process of recombination (cross over), resulting in variability in the gametes.
Another difference is that meiosis is a reductional process, where the final result of meiosis will be gamens with half of the genetic information, and in mitosis both cells will be equal.
Water is a very polar molecule.
This means there is a (slight) difference in charge between the ends of the water molecule. Water is made up of an Oxygen and two Hydrogens (H₂O). The Oxygen is a much larger atom, with 8 protons in its nucleus, whereas Hydrogen has only 1 proton.
As protons are positively charged, the oxygen has a greater positive charged, so the electrons which are negatively charged are more attracted to the Oxygen, and the bond shifts slightly towards the oxygen. As the electrons have shifted position, the negative charge has shifted position, to there is a slight negative charge nearer the Oxygen, δ⁻ (delta minus), and a slight positive charge, δ⁺ (delta plus), at the Hydrogen.
This allows strong inter molecular forces to occur, as the slightly positive Hydrogens are attracted to the slightly negative Oxygens. This force of attraction between water molecules causes them to want to 'stick together', causing a high surface tension.
So the answer is B)
