Answer: B. by toxic chemicals (in smoke) or radiation that can damage the DNA in cells.
Explanation:
The carcinogens presents in cigerates covalently bind to DNA and form DNA adducts which results into miscoding (e.g., insertion of the wrong base) during replication of DNA and this genetic mutation causes uncontrolled cellular growth which causes cancer.
Ionising radiation including X-rays, radioactive particles, and gamma rays,can cause cancer by damaging DNA. high-energy radiation damages DNA and cause genetic mutation same as cigerates and causes cancer.
Both toxic chemicals (in smoke) or radiation damages DNA inthe cells which leads to cancer.
Hence, the correct option is B.
Answer:
A cell organelle that helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules.
Answer:
Your answer is A) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Answer:
The correct answer is option d. "secondary active transport by an antiporter".
Explanation:
The cotransport of calcium and sodium at which one calcium ion moves out of the cell and three sodium ions move into the cell is known as secondary active transport by an antiporter. It is secondary because it uses a form of energy different from ATP, is an active transport because the calcium ion moves against its gradient, and its done by an antiporter which is an integral membrane protein that function as a cotransporter.
