Answer : There are basically three subatomic particles that exists; namely proton, neutron and electron.
Please refer the attached chart for the complete comparison.
- Protons are observed to be found in the nucleus of the atom. Which appears at the tiny, dense region at the center of the atom. They have a positive electrical charge of one (+1) and a mass of 1 atomic mass unit (amu).
- Neutrons exists in atoms of all elements they have neutrons located in their nucleus. Unlike protons and electrons, which are electrically charged, neutrons do not have any charge they are found to be electrically neutral. The mass of a neutron is slightly greater than the mass of a proton, which is 1 atomic mass unit (amu) .
- Electron are fundamental particles which does not consist of smaller particles. They are a type of fundamental particles called leptons. All leptons have an electric charge of −1 or 0 . Electrons are observed to be extremely small. The mass of an electron is only about 1/2000 the mass of a proton or neutron, so electrons contribute virtually nothing to the total mass of an atom. Electrons have an electric charge of −1 , which is equal but opposite to the charge of a proton, which is +1 . All atoms have the same number of electrons as protons, so the positive and negative charges "cancel out", making atoms electrically neutral.
