Answer:
A promoter refers to a DNA sequence, that is, situated upstream of a gene and signals the start of transcription.
A repressor refers to a transcription factor that prevents transcription by combining with the operator site.
An insulator refers to an element that obstructs the signals between the promoters and enhancer.
A regulatory gene refers to a gene, which monitors the expression of one or more genes by preventing or encouraging transcription.
An inducer refers to a molecule that stimulates the synthesis of mRNA by disabling the protein, which inhibits the transcription.
An operator refers to a short sequence of DNA situated close to the promoter region, and is recognized by a repressor protein.
