The groups of people on the question began receiving government benefits following the passage of the Social Security Act.
It created the Social Security program, establishing a basic right to a pension for the elderly as well as insurance against unemployment, financial assistance to children whose families had low or no income, grants to states for aid permanently and totally disabled people and many more public health services.
It was part of Roosevelt´s New Deal domestic program. By 1930 the United States was the only industrial country without any national system of social security.
