Answer:
( please like and hope it helps)
A) Elephas-2 has 13 sequence differences from the reference animal, and this is the greatest number of animals in the table.
B) From left to right, the order at the tips of the cladogram is: Dugong , Elephas , Loxodonta , Mammathus.
(Loxodonta and Mammuthus can also be reversed)
C) The molecular data, such as that for are widely conserved protein such as cytochrome b , show conserved similarities between organisms such as to dugongs and proboscideans and can be used to support the existence of this relationship.
D) The animals that are related ones had a common assister with certain genetic characteristics. Adaptation to different habitats leads to diversification of morphology but does not change evolutionary relationships.
Gold, Silver, Mercury, Iron and etc.
Assuming this is multiple choice, the answer would be "niche". An organism's niche is where that certain organism fits into an ecosystem, or what their part to play is.
When it comes to population evolution and genetics, we cannot fail to cite the Hardy-Weinberg principle which emphasizes that if evolutionary factors such as natural selection, mutation, migration and genetic oscillation do not act on a particular population, the frequencies genotypic proportions will remain constant.
The five requirements for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are:
- Large-scale breeding population: For a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, it is important that this population is large, as small populations favor genetic drift (unanticipated fluctuations in allele frequencies from one generation to another).
- Random mating: In order for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium to occur, it is necessary that the mating occur at random, with no preference for certain groups within the population. In this case, we say that the population is in panmixia, that is, they all mate at random.
- No mutations: Mutations alter the total alleles present in a population (gene pool). Therefore, in a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium population, no mutations should occur.
- No gene flow: When there is gene flow due to migration or immigration of individuals, some genes may be included or excluded from the population. Thus, in an equilibrium situation, no gene flow occurs.
- Lack of natural selection: For a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, natural selection must not be acting on it. If natural selection acts, some genotypes will be selected, modifying the allelic frequencies of the population.
