Answer:
Enzymes attached with the body of substrate and speedup the reaction.
Explanation:
Enzymes attached with the body of substrate i. e. starch and increase the speed of break down and when the substrate is broken down, these enzymes detached from the substrate. Enzymes are the chemical substances present in the body of organism which helps to speedup the process of digestion. The digestion of starch starts from the mouth with the help of salivary enzyme and this starch is converted into smaller molecules which can be absorbed by the cells.
The right answer to this question is option D. Carotenoids are categorized into two major divisions: carotenes and beta carotenes
First, let's check option A, it says that the carotenoids include red, orange and yellow pigments, that's true, we can check that on lab for example, a vegetable that can be mentioned here are carrots, it has lots of this and it's very healthy too, and remember, there isn't a single animal that can produce carotenoids, so they need to grab it from nature.
The second option, B. says that sometimes carotenoids are sometimes called as acessory pigments, that's true too, some studies consider them acessory pigments, so, they're not alone there, there are different kinds of pigments that can be on that plant, and they're also very important for the animals. Option C refers to beta carotene as the most abundant carotene in plants, that's true too, we can also find other kinds of carotenoids on plants, but this one as it's seen in lab, is the most common one. The last one, D, isn't true, the two major divisions are: Xanthophylls and Carotenoids, beta carotenoids are a type of carotenoids, not a different group.
Answer:
B) cytoplasmic streaming in hyphae
Explanation:
Fungal mycelium refers to the branched vegetative structure of the fungi which is formed by the growth of the hyphae. The hyphae contain three zones of growth: the apical, subapical and zone of vacuolation.
The hyphae grow in the apical region which forms a branched structure in which the cytoplasm continuously moves between the hyphae at the point of fusion towards the growing tip. This movement of the cytoplasm towards the growing tip is known as "cytoplasmic streaming".
This streaming of cytoplasm is responsible for the formation of a zone of vacuolation and the mycelium is formed.
Thus, Option-B is the correct answer.
The growing tip eventually gives rise to a branch. This is the beginning of the branched mycelium. Growing tips that come in contact with neighbouring hyphae often fuse with them to form a hyphal net. In such a vigorously growing system, the cytoplasm is in constant motion, streaming toward the growing tips. Eventually, the older hyphae become highly vacuolated and may be stripped of most of their cytoplasm.
