Answer: B cells can be influenced by genetic factors
Explanation: Daren has sickle cell disease. Sickle cell disorder is a kind of disease that affects the hemoglobin in the red blood cells. Hemoglobin, is a molecule in red blood cells that delivers oxygen to cells throughout the body. People with Sickle cell disorder have hemoglobin molecules called hemoglobin S, which distort the shape of the red blood cells. A normal red blood cell has a disc shape but people with sickle cell like Daren have their red blood cells and distorted into a sickle, or crescent, shape
Answer:
cAMP dependent pathway is important for processing of life.
Explanation:
cAMP pathway is also called as adenynyl cyclase pathway.
This mechanism requires different steps like-
- G protein coupled receptor is a integral protein that is activated by different external stimuli which binds with the specific ligand.
- Extracellular ligand causes activation of GPCR which in turn is responsible for conformational change in the receptor and allows it to bind with the intracellular heterotrimeric G protein complex.
- The Gα stimulate G protein complex to exchange GDP for GTP and then the complex is released.
- Activated Gα binds with adenylate cyclase and catalyzes ATP to form cyclic AMP.
- Activation of cAMP leads to the activation of nucleotide gated ion channel, and PKa(Protein kinase A) which is also called as cAMP dependent enzyme.
- Once, PKA is activated,it causes phospholylation of other proteins like AMPA receptor,transcription factors which regulate gene expression, and convert glycogen into glucose.
Explanation:
Prokaryotic organisms are type of cells that are clearly different from eukaryotic cells (human or plant cells), since they lack nucleus and other type of organelles and differ with size. ( some of them have flagella which helps these cells to move)
Example: Any type of bacteria can be considered as a Prokaryotic cell
