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3 years ago

Because skeletal muscle contractions demand large quantities of atp, skeletal muscles have

1 answer:

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Skeletal muscle contractions do in fact demand large quantities of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the universal source of cellular energy. In order to accommodate this necessity, skeletal muscle cells (myocytes) are packed with mitochondria, which are the energy powerhouses of the cell.
However, the production of ATP would halt in mitochondria if the necessary substrates (fuels) are not present to enter these organelles, mainly glucose and oxygen (O2). So, additionally, skeletal muscle is also loaded with glycogen, a storage form for glucose (as starch), and myoglobin, an enzyme similar to hemoglobin in that it binds an O2 to hold it for use during contraction.

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A codon is a set of three nucleotides that correspond to a specific amino acid. The table below shows various DNA codons and the

Finger [1]

Answer:

1a. The template DNA strand, from which the mRNA is synthesized, is 5’ CAAACTACCCTGGGTTGCCAT 3’

(RNA synthesis proceeds in a 5’ à 3’ direction, so the template strand and the mRNA will be complementary to each other)

b. The coding DNA strand, which is complementary to the template strand, is 5’ ATGGCAACCCAGGGTAGTTTG 3’

c. The sequence of the mRNA is 5’ AUGGCAACCCAGGGUAGUUUG 3’

(the sequence of the mRNA is complementary to the template strand and identical to the coding strand with U substituted for T)

d. The third codon is 5’ ACC 3’. Therefore, the corresponding anti-codon is 5’ GGU 3’

2. Below is a table for the genetic code:

TTT Phe (F)

TTC "

TTA Leu (L)

TTG "

TCT Ser (S)

TCC "

TCA "

TCG "

TAT Tyr (Y)

TAC "

TAA Stop

TAG Stop

TGT Cys (C)

TGC "

TGA Stop

TGG Trp (W)

CTT Leu (L)

CTC "

CTA "

CTG "

CCT Pro (P)

CCC "

CCA "

CCG "

CAT His (H)

CAC "

CAA Gln (Q)

CAG "

CGT Arg (R)

CGC "

CGA "

CGG "

ATT Ile (I)

ATC "

ATA "

ATG Met (M)

ACT Thr (T)

ACC "

ACA "

ACG "

AAT Asn (N)

AAC "

AAA Lys (K)

AAG "

AGT Ser (S)

AGC "

AGA Arg (R)

AGG "

GTT Val (V)

GTC "

GTA "

GTG "

GCT Ala (A)

GCC "

GCA "

GCG "

GAT Asp (D)

GAC "

GAA Glu (E)

GAG "

GGT Gly (G)

GGC "

GGA "

GGG "

a. The following codons can be mutated by one base to produce an amber codon:

CAG Gln

AAG Lys

GAG Glu

TCG Ser

TTG Leu

TGG Trp

TAA Stop

TAT Tyr

TAC Tyr

b. From part a, CAG (Gln) and TGG (Trp) can become amber stop codons through EMS.

c. From part b, both of the resulting amber codons could be suppressed by amber nonsense suppressors generated by EMS.

3a. The codon is the three nucleotide sequence in the mRNA that indicates which amino acid should be incorporated in the growing polypeptide chain. The anticodon is the complementary three nucleotide sequence in the appropriate tRNA.

b. Template strand is the DNA strand off which the mRNA is synthesized. The coding, or non-template, strand is the DNA strand complementary to the template strand; it has the same sequence (except for T for U substitutions) as the mRNA.

c. The Pribnow box is a sequence of six nucleotides (TATAAT) positioned at -10 that signals where transcription initiation should begin in prokaryotic DNA. The Shine-Delgarno sequence is a short, purine-rich region in the mRNA that is complementary to the rRNA within the 16S ribosomal subunit. The sequence signals which AUG acts as the translation start in mRNA.

4a. False, a wobble allows the anticodon in the tRNA to hybridize with different codons in mRNA.

b. False, a frameshift mutation affects all the subsequent amino acids.

c. False, only one codon (AUG) encodes for the start of protein synthesis; three codons signal the end of protein synthesis.

d. False, the wobble is first base (5’ to 3’) in the anticodon.

e. True, RNA can be used as a template for DNA synthesis in a process known as reverse transcription.

f. True. For example, a single base substitution causing CAT to change to AAT would signal a termination.

g. False, the Wobble Hypothesis explains how alternate base pairing can occur with the first nucleotide (going from 5' to 3') in the anticodon.

5a. Digestion of RNA with alkali will cleave the strand after each 3’ phosphate. Therefore, the products remaining will consist of pppNp, Np, and N-OH

b. If RNA was synthesized in the 3’ to 5’ direction (i.e. by adding ribonucleotides to the 5’ end), then the pppNp and Np fragments should be labeled with tritium.

c. If RNA was synthesized in the 5’ to 3’ direction (i.e. by adding ribonucleotides to the 3’ end), th

Explanation:

6 0

3 years ago

Suggest why it is important for animals to be able to detect changes in their surroundings?

liraira [26]

So that over time they can adapt to survive

7 0

4 years ago

Read 2 more answers

I NEED HELP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

blsea [12.9K]

Answer:

I believe Mac should increase the tilt.

Explanation:

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3 years ago

In what type of cell does the cell wall take place of the membrane?

kirill115 [55]

Answer:

A) Plant Cells

Explanation

Cell walls are only found in plant cells and are used primarily to create structure, but cell membranes are found in all cells.The bulk of the membrane is composed of a double layer of lipids called the lipid bilayer. Inside the bilayer there is a layer of cholesterol to keep the membrane fluid.

4 0

3 years ago

22. Discuss how farmers use artificial selection to take advantage of natural variation to "improve" a species of organism over

Snezhnost [94]

Answer:

They will try to breed them with things and make animals stronger, bigger, smaller, hungrier ,yummier/beefier to sell or use in rodeos or races to make more money.

Explanation:

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3 years ago