<u>What type of animal did Charles Darwin study when he came up with the Theory of Evolution? What did he notice about these animals?</u>
The theory of evolution is (as said on google) is the process by which organisms change over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioral traits. The theory originally came from Charles Darwin. Charles Darwin had always wanted to study nature so he went on a five-year trip to chart the coast of the south. He found island close to South America now known as the Galapagos islands. Here Darwin saw many birds. As he looked closer at the birds he realized that all or the birds break we different, some long, small, curved, think. Darwin as confused, as he studied them more he learned the birds had migrated from the big island or South America. Because they migrated to the smaller islands there food changed. The seeds were different and the back didn't work as well to open them. He found out that the birds back changes to fit their food. That's why there are several different beaks on all the birds called finches. This is now called evolution. All species have evolution at one time.
<u>How can one species eventually change into something completely different over the course of millions of years?</u>
This is all part of evolution, usally a spices hase some change in the imorment for evolution to come in. For Darwin Finches it was there seeds, they need to addaped to what they were eating so they needed to change. If a scretain speice or plant was wiped out the animals would die or avolve so that they could keep suriviveing in order to live. One other ecmple is wolfs and dogs. our loved pets now ut once the dog were wolfs and could be scard of humans. A camper keep feeding the wolf so they stayed around add became more loy. They started evoliong to what we know now as dogs, this is also called demetication. Demestiocation is were we take something from the wild (dog or cat) and keep it around us.
<u>What are 3 things that are used as evidence for the Theory of Evolution </u>
1# Anatomy- the branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms, especially as revealed by dissection and the separation of parts.
2# Molecular biology - the branch of biology that deals with the structure and function of the macromolecules (e.g. proteins and nucleic acids) essential to life.
3# Biogeography - the branch of biology that deals with the geographical distribution of plants and animals.
<u>Explain the process of Natural Selection </u>
Natural selection is the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. Evolution by natural selection means that over time, organisms adapted by inheriting physical or behavioral traits, and these traits help you with survival and adaptation to your environment. Those without them died while those who had them survived and then transferred them to their offsprings.
<u>What is the source of genetic variation? In other words, where do the tiny changes in individual organisms come from, that allow a trait to be passed on to the next generation?</u>
The source of genetice variation is Mutation. Mutaion is the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes. This mean when the parents have offsprings the tarit is passed down to the next geration because of the DNA.
<u>How is a derived characteristic used to determine a clade? </u>
A shared character is one that two lineages have in common, and a derived character is one that evolved in the lineage leading up to a clade and that sets members of that clade apart from other individuals.
This will help with the awser: https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_08
<u>How can fossils be used to determine a relationship between living species and extinct ones?</u>
Fossils allow scientists to have an idea of the time scale that traits evolved. Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of animals, plants, and other organisms from the past. Fossils are important evidence for evolution because they show that life on earth was once different from life found on earth today. Paleontologists can determine the age of fossils using methods like radiometric dating and categorize them to determine the evolutionary relationships between organisms. Fossils provide similarities between current/ancient species, a pattern of gradual change from past to present, a history of organisms on Earth, their relative ages, and order of divergence.
I hope This all helped, this took me for ever to finish but I hope you get it and I hope I can help anyone else that needs it. If anyone needs any other help on Science I can hep.