A generalist species is able to survive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of lots of different resources. Generalist species have a big niche. Humans, rabbits, house flies, and raccoons would all fall under the generalist species list.
A specialist species can only thrive is a small variety of environmental conditions and/or only has a limited diet. Specialist species have a small niche. Pandas, koalas, and salamanders would all fall under the specialist species list.
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OH, H2O2 and O−2
Explanation:
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be defined as highly reactive chemical compounds formed from molecular oxygen (O2). ROS are generated as a normal product of cellular metabolism, and also as a response to different environmental/internal cellular stimuli (e.g., cytokines, xenobiotics, pathogenic invasion). For example, hydroxyl radicals (·OH) are a type of ROS generated in the mitochondria which are capable of inducing oxidative stress in different cells and also trigger chronic inflammation. Moreover, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) molecules represent another type of ROS which are produced during the stereoselective deamination of amino acids, i.e., the building blocks of proteins. These molecules (H2O2) exhibit toxic effects on the cell (e.g., DNA damage). Finally, singlet oxygen (1O2) is an excited state of molecular oxygen (O2) that is generated during photosynthesis in the photosystem II (PSII) of chloroplasts.
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That doesn't mean the energy is gone, it's just not where you are looking. The universe is defined as all energy and matter. It is everything. Closed system there is ...
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Found within wet and dry tropical forests, it grows in a variety of soil types. Since the 1500s, mahogany has been a prized timber product—a building block for high-quality furniture and musical instruments—valued for its deep reddish color, durability, and beauty
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