Resource partitioning
Resource partitioning refers to differences in resource use
between species regardless of the origin of the differences. Similar species
can coexist in the same ecological community without one pushing the others to
extinction through competition. Species compete for the same resources which
include nutrients and habitats which are the raw materials needed by organisms
to grow, live, and reproduce. For the question given above, the divergence in
lizards is an example of resource partitioning.
I believe the term for an observable trait of an organism would be called or noted as the organism's phenotype.
Answer:
These microbes conduct photosynthesis: using sunshine, water and carbon dioxide to produce carbohydrates and, yes, oxygen. In fact, all the plants on Earth incorporate symbiotic cyanobacteria. For some untold eons prior to the evolution of these cyanobacteria, during the Archean eon, more primitive microbes lived the real old-fashioned way: anaerobically. These ancient organisms—and their "extremophile" descendants today—thrived in the absence of oxygen, relying on sulfate for their energy needs. But roughly 2.45 billion years ago, the isotopic ratio of sulfur transformed, indicating that for the first time oxygen was becoming a significant component of Earth's atmosphere,
