The first one. Gametes are the reproductive cells: sperm and egg cells. These contain the info that is passed on to the offspring, so an inherited mutation must be present in the gametes.
It occurs 14 days before the menstrual s
cycle
In order to "invest" in later stages to get more energy per glucose molecule. It could also be because that is how it is done, it wouldn't be as efficient unless these stages were performed.
hope this helps!