Question

at a certain time of day, a 40 foot building casts a 8 foot shadow. how tall is a person who casts a 2 foot shadow?

Answer 1

40 feet = 8 foot shadow

So in order to go from 40 to 8 you divide by 5.
 So if you have a person who casts a 2 foot shadow, you have to multiply by 5.

Your answer would be 10 feet.
Hope I helped :)