The percentage of the white salamander population is 16%.
<h3>Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation</h3>
The genotypic frequencies within a population can be expressed by the binomial (p + q)² = 1, which can be developed and represented by the following equation:
p = frequency of the dominant allele;
q = frequency of the recessive allele;
p² = frequency of the zygous dominant genotype;
2pq = frequency of the heterozygous genotype;
q² = frequency of the zygous recessive genotype.
Also according to the equation presented (p² + 2pq + q² = 1), we will have the following distribution of genotypes:
- CC = 0.36 = 36%
- Cc = 0.48 = 48%
- cc = 0.16 = 16%
Learn more about recessive allele in brainly.com/question/844145
Answer:
Penicillin:
Staphylococcus epidermidis is more sensitive to Penicillin as compared to E. coli
Novobiocin:
Staphylococcus epidermidis is more sensitive to Novobiocin as compared to E. coli.
Gentamicin:
E. coli isolates showed high rates of resistance to gentamicin as compared to Staphylococcus epidermidis
Explanation:
Kirby-Bauer diffusion test:
This test is also known as disk diffusion antibiotic sensitivity testing. This test uses antibiotic containing disks to test its inhibition against particular bacteria.
Staphylococcus epidermidis:
Gram-positive bacterium, which is part of the normal human flora and found mostly in skin flora but less commonly in mucosal flora.
E. coli
Gram-negative bacteria because its cell wall have an additional layer. During the staining process, it stains negative as compared to gram positive bacteria.
Penicillin:
This antibiotic kills bacteria by inhibiting the final step in cell wall biosynthesis, hence penicillin is most effective against gram-positive bacteria. Hence Staphylococcus epidermidis is more sensitive to Penicillin as compared to E. coli
Novobiocin:
Antibiotics which inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis. Its targets are the bacterial DNA gyrase and associated enzyme DNA topoisomerase. Due to extra membrane present outside gram negative bacteria this antibiotic is less effective against E. coli. Hence Staphylococcus epidermidis is more sensitive to Novobiocin as compared to E. coli.
Gentamicin:
Gentamicin is the broad spectrum antibiotic Its mode of action involves bacterial protein synthesis inhibition by binding to 30S ribosomes. E. coli isolates showed high rates of resistance to gentamicin as compared to Staphylococcus epidermidis
I believe you're looking for the process of absorption.
In absorption, digested, simple and soluble food molecules is absorbed into the body through the wall of small intestine. They move by methods of diffusion and active transport.
Villi in the intestinal wall also helps the absorption process. Villi can provide a large surface area so that more food can be absorbed at the same time. Also, the network of blood capillaries can help maintain a steep concentration gradient so that food molecules can be absorbed faster.
Absorption process is the process after digestion. Followed by it, assimilation can help the food become part of the cells and get used.
Answer:
a) Individual 1
b) Overall, the higher the number of mutant alleles, the greater is the concentration of cysteine in urine relative to normal values.
c) The hypothesis may be correct. If number of mutant allele in SLC7A9 is higher than number of mutant allele in SLC3A1, then concentration of cysteine in urine is lower. This means that transportation of cysteine is affected by a greater extent if mutant allele in present in SLC7A9 genetic sequence
d) concentration of cysteine is affected by mutant allele which is a complex protien. If complex protien is low cysteine is not transported back and its concentration in urine is higher
Explanation:
a) Can be inferred easily from table. Higher the mutant allel that is negative, higher is the concentration of cysteine. Hence greater the chances of cystinuria.
b) As explained in part a
c) Observe the pattern on concentration of cycteine and number of - allele. If cysteine is not transported back then its concentration in urine will be higher.
d) The complex protien helps in transportatino of cysteine by binding to it. In the absence of the ocmplex protien, cysteine tends to behave like polar molecule and stay in water that is in excess in urine.
Answer:
They frequently flip-flop from one side of the membrane to the other.
