The correct answer is industry. An industry is the first alternation of natural resources as the industry utilizes the artificial sources or man made materials for production of energy, utility products and services. The industry can reduce the dependency on natural resources and can lead to their sustainable use for the present as well as for future generation
Answer:
<h2>Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
</h2><h2>a) it brings the postsynaptic membrane potential closer or nearer to threshold </h2><h2>b) it depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane ; and
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c) it results from the movement of Na+ ions into postsynaptic cell .
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</h2><h2>Inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP): </h2><h2>a) it moves the postsynaptic membrane potential farther away from threshold .</h2><h2>
b) it hyper-polarizes the postsynaptic membrane ;
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c) it results from the movement of K+ ions out of the postsynaptic cell
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In both cases: it is a graded potential in both.
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Explanation:
Excitatory postsynaptic potentials are excitatory because they make the postsynaptic neuron to generate an action potential by depolarizing the membrane and bringing the membrane potential closer to threshold where new action can generate .It happens by opening ligand-gated Na+ channels in the postsynaptic membrane, which then allows Na+ ions to enter the cell.
Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials make it more difficult for the postsynaptic neuron to produce an action potential by hyper-polarizing the membrane and moving the membrane potential farther from threshold. This occurs by opening ligand-gated K+ channels, which allows K+ ions to move out of the cell.
Regardless of as they are excitatory or inhibitory, all postsynaptic potentials are graded. and by this , its magnitude decreases with distance from the synapse along with the cell body.
If predators eat too many keystone species, it can lead to the ecosystem becoming unstable (Option B). A keystone species helps to define an entire ecosystem.
Keystone species are species that maintain the homeostasis (stable state) of the ecosystem.
In consequence, the lack of these species in an ecosystem would change it or cease to exist altogether.
An example of a keystone species is the jaguar that feeds herbivorous species capable of decimating plants in an ecosystem.
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Answer:
Chromosome crossing over in prophase 1 where DNA segments are moved between the homologous pair.
Explanation: