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dimulka [17.4K]
3 years ago
10

Alveoli are tiny sacs of air in the lungs. Their average diameter is 4.50 × 10−5 m. Calculate the uncertainty in the velocity of

an oxygen molecule (5.30 × 10−26 kg) trapped within a sac. Enter your answer in scientific notation.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Arisa [49]3 years ago
8 0

<u>Answer:</u> The uncertainty in the velocity of oxygen molecule is 4.424\times 10^{-5}m/s

<u>Explanation:</u>

The diameter of the molecule will be equal to the uncertainty in position.

The equation representing Heisenberg's uncertainty principle follows:

\Delta x.\Delta p=\frac{h}{2\pi}

where,

\Delta x = uncertainty in position = d = 4.50\times 10^{-5}m

\Delta p = uncertainty in momentum  = m\Delta v

m = mass of oxygen molecule = 5.30\times 10^{-26}kg

h = Planck's constant = 6.627\times 10^{-34}kgm^2/s^2

Putting values in above equation, we get:

4.50\times 10^{-5}m\times 5.30\times 10^{-26}kg\times \Delta v=\frac{6.627\times 10^{-34}kgm^2/s}{2\times 3.14}\\\\\Delta v=\frac{6.627\times 10^{-34}kgm^2/s^2}{2\times 3.14\times 4.50\times 10^{-5}m\times 5.30\times 10^{-26}kg}=4.424\times 10^{-5}m/s

Hence, the uncertainty in the velocity of oxygen molecule is 4.424\times 10^{-5}m/s

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What is the theoretical yield if 35.5g of Al reacts 39.0g of Cl2
atroni [7]

Answer : The correct answer for the Theoretical Yield is 48.93 g of product .

Theoretical yield : It is amount of product produced by limiting reagent . It is smallest product yield of product formed .

Following are the steps to find theoretical yield .

Step 1) : Write a balanced reaction between Al and Cl₂ .

2 Al + 3 Cl₂→ 2 AlCl₃

Step 2: To find amount of product (AlCl₃) formed by Al .

Following are the sub steps to calculate amount of AlCl₃ formed :

a) To calculate mole of Al :

Given : Mass of Al = 35.5 g

Mole can be calculate by following formula :

Mole = \frac{given mass (g)}{atomic mass \frac{g}{mol}}

Mole = \frac{35.5 g }{26.9 \frac{g}{mol}}

Mole = 1.32 mol

b) To find mole ratio of AlCl₃ : Al

Mole ratio is calculated from balanced reaction .

Mole of Al in balanced reaction = 2

Mole of AlCl₃ in balanced reaction = 2.

Hence mole ratio of AlC; l₃ : Al = 2:2

c) To find mole of AlCl₃ formed :

Mole of AlCl_3 = Mole of Al * Mole ratio

Mole of AlCl_3 = 1.32 mol of Al * \frac{2}{2}

Mole of AlCl₃ = 1.32 mol

d) To find mass of AlCl₃

Molar mass of AlCl₃ = 133.34 \frac{g}{mol}

Mass of AlCl3 can be calculated using mole formula as:

1.32 mol of AlCl_3 = \frac{ mass (g)}{133.34 \frac{g}{mol}}

Multiplying both side by 133.34 \frac{g}{mol}

1.32 mole  * 133.34\frac{g}{mol} = \frac{mass (g)}{133.34\frac{g}{mol}} *133.34  \frac{g}{mol}

Mass of AlCl₃ = 176.00 g

Hence mass of AlCl₃ produced by Al is 176.00 g

Step 3) To find mass of product (AlCl₃) formed by Cl₂ :

Same steps will be followed to calculate mass of AlCl₃

a) Find mole of Cl₂

Mole of Cl_2 = \frac{39.0 g}{70.9\frac{g}{mol}}

Mole of Cl₂ = 0.55 mol

b) Mole ratio of Cl₂ : AlCl₃

Mole of Cl₂ in balanced reaction = 3

Mole of AlCl₃ in balanced reaction = 2

Hence mole ratio of AlCl₃ : Cl₂ = 2 : 3

c) To find mole of AlCl₃

Mole of AlCl_3 = mole of Cl_2 * mole ratio

Mole of AlCl_3 = 0.55  mole  * \frac{2}{3}

Mole of AlCl3 = 0.367 mol

d) To find mass of AlCl₃ :

0.367 mol of AlCl_3 = \frac{mass (g) }{133.34 \frac{g}{mol}}

Multiplying both side by

133.34 \frac{g}{mol}

0.367 mol of AlCl_3 * 133.34 \frac{g}{mol}  = \frac{mass(g)}{133.34\frac{g}{mol}}   * 133.34 \frac{g}{mol}

Mass of AlCl₃ = 48.93 g

Hence mass of AlCl₃ produced by Cl₂ = 48.93 g

Step 4) To identify limiting reagent and theoretical yield :

Limiting reagent is the reactant which is totally consumed when the reaction is complete . It is identified as the reactant which produces least yield or theoretical yield of product .

The product AlCl₃ formed by Al = 176.00 g

The product AlCl₃ formed by Cl₂ = 48.93 g

Since Cl₂ is producing less amount of product hence it is limiting reagent and 48.93 g will be considered as Theoretical yield .

7 0
3 years ago
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Please help me with these 3 questions with will be giving out brainiest
Anna71 [15]

Answer: All of them are true

5 0
2 years ago
What is the ph of a 0.25 m solution of c6h5nh2 given that its kb is 1.8 x 10-6?
IrinaK [193]

The pH a 0.25 m solution of C₆H₅NH₂ is equal to 3.13.

<h3>How do we calculate pH of weak base?</h3>

pH of the weak base will be calculate by using the Henderson Hasselbalch equation as:

pH = pKb + log([HB⁺]/[B])

pKb = -log(1.8×10⁻⁶) = 5.7

Chemical reaction for C₆H₅NH₂ is:

                          C₆H₅NH₂ + H₂O → C₆H₅NH₃⁺ + OH⁻

Initial:                     0.25                           0            0

Change:                    -x                             x             x

Equilibrium:        0.25-x                           x             x

Base dissociation constant will be calculated as:
Kb = [C₆H₅NH₃⁺][OH⁻] / [C₆H₅NH₂]

Kb = x² / 0.25 - x

x is very small as compared to 0.25, so we neglect x from that term and by putting value of Kb, then the equation becomes:

1.8×10⁻⁶ = x² / 0.25

x² = (1.8×10⁻⁶)(0.25)

x = 0.67×10⁻³ M = [C₆H₅NH₃⁺]

On putting all these values on the above equation of pH, we get

pH = 5.7 + log(0.67×10⁻³/0.25)

pH = 3.13

Hence pH of the solution is 3.13.

To know more about Henderson Hasselbalch equation, visit the below link:
brainly.com/question/13651361

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5 0
2 years ago
The temperature of a sample of water changes from 10°C to 20°C when the water absorbs 100 calories of heat. What is the mass of
Vlad1618 [11]

Answer:

10 g

Explanation:

Right from the start, just by inspecting the values given, you can say that the answer will be  

10 g

.

Now, here's what that is the case.

As you know, a substance's specific heat tells you how much heat is needed to increase the temperature of  

1 g

of that substance by  

1

∘

C

.

Water has a specific heat of approximately  

4.18

J

g

∘

C

. This tells you that in order to increase the temperature of  

1 g

of water by  

1

∘

C

, you need to provide  

4.18 J

of heat.

Now, how much heat would be required to increase the temperature of  

1 g

of water by  

10

∘

C

?

Well, you'd need  

4.18 J

to increase it by  

1

∘

C

, another  

4.18 J

to increase it by another  

1

∘

C

, and so on. This means that you'd need

4.18 J

×

10

=

41.8 J

to increase the temperature of  

1 g

of water by  

10

∘

C

.

Now look at the value given to you. If you need  

41.8 J

to increase the temperature of  

1 g

of water by  

10

∘

C

, what mass of water would require  

10

times as much heat to increase its temperature by  

10

∘

C

?

1 g

×

10

=

10 g

And that's your answer.

Mathematically, you can calculate this by using the equation

q

=

m

⋅

c

⋅

Δ

T

 

, where

q

- heat absorbed/lost

m

- the mass of the sample

c

- the specific heat of the substance

Δ

T

- the change in temperature, defined as final temperature minus initial temperature

Plug in your values to get

418

J

=

m

⋅

4.18

J

g

∘

C

⋅

(

20

−

10

)

∘

C

m

=

418

4.18

⋅

10

=

10 g

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2 years ago
What is the major use of carbon monoxide
Dmitry [639]

Answer:

Carbon monoxide is a very important industrial compound. In the form of producer gas or water gas.

hope ths help and if you want more information go to this website: science.jrank.org

8 0
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