P = √ab
p² = ab
p²/b = a
a = p²/b
Considering the situation described, the hypothesis tested are given as follows:
- The null hypothesis is

- The alternative hypothesis is

<h3>What are the hypothesis tested?</h3>
At the null hypothesis, it is tested if the standard deviation is not less than $23, that is:

At the alternative hypothesis, it is tested if there is significant evidence t conclude that the standard deviation is less than $23, that is:

More can be learned about an hypothesis test at brainly.com/question/26454209
The answer is D
you would set up an equation like this
14,250 x .032
this will give you how much the population is decreasing per year. Which is 456 people per year.
You then take 2015 and find the difference between that number and 2025 and do it with all of the other years too.
For example 2025-2015 is 10 years
You then take 10 x 456 to tell you how much the of population you lost in those 10 years. You will then take that number which is 4,560 and do 14,250-4,560 to get 9,650.
Answer:
work is pictured and shown