Answer:
Primary succession is basically the start of a brand new ecosystem. This is when pioneer species form and grow like lichens and some grasses. Secondary succession is when the ecosystem is already started and it's continuing to grow. During this time populations of other species begin to inhabit the ecosystem like shrubs and trees and some animals. Both of these processes take years to complete. An example of an event would be a volcanic eruption, and a wild fire.
Explanation:
This climate is warm.
The animals in the tundra are strong to live in such an environment.
I don't know what the rest of that stuff is sorry.
When we breathe, our respiratory system takes up oxygen and carbon dioxide or other useless gases go out . The oxygen combines with the haemoglobin in the blood of the circulatory system . This is transferred to all the cells of our body to get energy.
Answer:
Explanation
The Axon or nerve fibre is a long, thin projection of the neuron or nerve cells that sends signals in the form of electrical impulses from the cell body (soma) to the synaptic terminals. The axons are of two types: myelinated and unmyelinated. The unmyelinated axons lack myelin sheaths which make the transmission of electrical impulses slower while the myelinated axons transmit electrical impulses faster.
Answer:
Since the beginning of life of the first multicellular organisms, the preservation of a physiologic milieu for every cell in the organism has been a critical requirement. A particular range of osmolality of the body fluids is essential for the maintenance of cell volume. In humans the stability of electrolyte concentrations and their resulting osmolality in the body fluids is the consequence of complex interactions between cell membrane functions, hormonal control, thirst, and controlled kidney excretion of fluid and solutes. Knowledge of these mechanisms, of the biochemical principles of osmolality, and of the relevant situations occurring in disease is of importance to every physician. This comprehensive review summarizes the major facts on osmolality, its relation to electrolytes and other solutes, and its relevance in physiology and in disease states with a focus on dialysis-related considerations.
