Answer:
Following are the program in the Python Programming Language.
#define function
def Transfer(S, T):
#set for loop
for i in range(len(S)):
#append in the list
T.append(S.pop())
#return the value of the list
return T
#set list type variable
S = ["a","b","c","d"]
#print the values of the list
print(S)
#set the list empty type variable
T=[]
#call the function
T = Transfer(S, T)
#print the value of T
print(T)
<u>Output:</u>
['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
['d', 'c', 'b', 'a']
Explanation:
Here, we define the function "Transfer()" in which we pass two list type arguments "S" and "T".
- Set the for loop to append the values in the list.
- Then, we append the value of the variable "S" in the variable "T".
- Return the value of the list variable "T" and close the function.
- Then, set the list data type variable "S" and initialize the elements in it and print that variable.
- Finally, we set the empty list type variable "T" and store the return value of the function "Transfer()" in the variable "T" then, print the value of the variable "T".
Answer:
The answer is by using a covert channel like shared memory objects such as files, directories,messages, etc since both the user and the sender of the document are on same network of the company.
Explanation:
The Bell LaPadula MultiLevel Security model was a security policy developed by Bell and LaPadula in 1973 in response to a security issue raised by the US Air Force regarding file-sharing mainframe computers . Actually, many people with networked systems have realized by early 1970s that the protection purportedly offered by many commercial operating systems was poor, and wa not getting better any time soon. This was observed when it was noticed that as one operating system error was fixed, some other vulnerability would be discovered. There was also the constant worry that various unskilled users would discover loopholes in the operating system during usage and use them to their own advantage.
Information release may take place via shared memory objects such as files, directories, messages, and so on. Thus, a Trojan Horse acting on behalf of a user could release user-private information using legitimate operating system requests. Although developers can build various mechanisms within an operating system to restrict the activity of programs (and Trojan Horses) operating on behalf of a user , there is no general way, short of implementing nondiscretionary policy models, to restrict the activity of such programs. Thus, given that discretionary models cannot prevent the release of sensitive information through legitimate program activity, it is not meaningful to consider how these programs might release information illicitly by using covert channels.
For example, for someone with higher integrity level (SECRET) to send an accounts payable application to a user, if the untrusted accounts payable application contains a Trojan Horse, the Trojan Horse program could send a (legal) message to the said user process running at a lower integrity level (CONFIDENTIAL), thereby initiating the use of a covert channel. In this covert channel, the Trojan Horse is the receiver of (illegal) lower integrity-level input and the user process is the sender of this input.
Answer:
word = input("Type your name: ")
print(len(word))
Explanation:
The len function will count all the chars in the string.
Answer:
1.) Relative cell reference - A1
2.) Absolute cell reference - $D$2
3.) Mixed cel reference - $D2
Explanation:
In Microsoft Excel, cell references are very important and critical when dealing with formula. They can give you what you’re looking for or make your entire worksheet incorrect.
A cell reference is a cell address or a range of cell addresses that can be used in a formula.
There are three types of cell references and they are;
a) Relative reference
b) Absolute reference
c) Mixed reference
A relative cell reference is a cell reference that changes when you copy the formula to other cells. It s usually just a normal cell reference like A1, B2, C3. If a formula with a relative cell reference is copied down to other cells, the formula will change. That is a formula with a relative cell reference changes with respect to the cell which it is copied to.
An absolute reference does not change when you copy the formula to other cells. In absolute references, the dollar sign $ is used to “lock” both the row and column so that it does not change when it is copied to other cells. An example is $D$2.
Using a mixed cell reference, one is trying to see that only either the row or column changes with respect to other cells when they are copied. It is like “locking” either the column or the row while changing the other. Just like from the example, $D2 is a mixed cell reference where only the column is locked such that only the row changes when the formula is copied to other cells.
