Respond to the following based on your reading. A type of tissue called _______ tissue is responsible for communicating between
the brain and the rest of the body. The ______ system is responsible for fighting off viruses and bacteria that invade the body. When we encounter pathogens or bacteria in the dirt, or in everyday life, the first line of defense that forms a barrier between our organs and the pathogen is the _______ system. The fructose sugar found in honey is an example of a ______, which is a great source of raw energy. A, D, and K are all types of _______, which are organic compounds needed in small amounts. Magnesium, iron, and phosphorus are all _______, which are inorganic compounds needed in small amounts. Scurvy is a deficiency in ______ and results in bleeding gums and slow healing wounds. A Vitamin D deficiency that causes deformed bones is known as _______. The ______ is the term for the mixture of food and digestive enzymes that leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine. The ______ filter waste from blood, creating urine. Describe what is meant by a "feedback loop" and how the body responds to changes to maintain homeostasis in blood sugar. Describe the four major steps of digestion, and discuss the organs involved in each. Your Response 1.nervous 2.immune 3.integumentary 4.carbohydrate 5.vitamins 6.minerals 7.vitamin C 8.rickets 9.chyme 10. Kidneys 11. Feedback loops are when the body responds to signals, like insulin, that appears when the balance of something is off. When blood sugar is too high, insulin signals the liver to absorb more blood sugar, returning it to normal. When blood sugar is low, glucagon signals the body to release stored glucose to raise blood sugar back to normal. 12. Ingestion is when food comes into the body through the mouth and down the esophagus. Digestion begins chemically with enzymes in saliva, and mechanically with the teeth, and continues when food (as a bolus) enters the stomach to be dissolved by acid and pepsin. Food (chyme) then goes into the small intestine where nutrients are absorbed through the villi. Waste is then eliminated through the large intestine, rectum, and anus.
The Answer are : Nervous Tissue Immune System Again, Immune System Antibody Antibodies Vitamins Vitamin C osteomalacia Chyme glomerulus Explanation: Nervous tissue is one of four major classes of tissues. It is specialized tissue found in the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. It consists of neurons and supporting cells called neuroglia. The nervous system is responsible for the control of the body and the communication among its parts. The immune system protects your child's body from outside invaders, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and toxins (chemicals produced by microbes). It is made up of different organs, cells, and The immune system protects the body from worms, germs, and other agents of harm. The immune system is like a medieval castle. ... The body's first line of defense consists of different types of barriers that keep most pathogens out of the body. Pathogens are disease-causing agents, such as bacteria and viruses. proteins that work together. Honey has been linked to health benefits like improved heart health, wound healing, and blood antioxidant status. However, consuming too much may cause adverse effects due to its high sugar and calorie content. Thus, it's best to use honey to replace other forms of sugar and enjoy it in moderation. Antibodies are proteins that recognize and bind parts of viruses to neutralize them. Antibodies are produced by our white blood cells and are a major part of the body's response to combating a viral infection. Antigens are substances that cause the body to produce antibodies, such as a viral protein. Vitamins are substances that your body needs to grow and develop normally. There are 13 vitamins your body needs. They are. Vitamin A. B vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12 and folate) a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C, characterized by swollen bleeding gums and the opening of previously healed wounds, which particularly affected poorly nourished sailors until the end of the 18th century. osteomalacia Rickets is a rare disease that causes the bones to become soft and bend. African American infants and children are at higher risk of getting rickets. In adults, severe vitamin D deficiency leads to osteomalacia. Osteomalacia causes weak bones, bone pain, and muscle weakness. Chyme or chymus is the semi-fluid mass of partly digested food that is expelled by the stomach, through the pyloric valve, into the duodenum. Chyme results from the mechanical and chemical breakdown of a bolus and consists of partially digested food, water, hydrochloric acid, and various digestive enzymes. The first step in making urine is to separate the liquid part of your blood (plasma), which contains all the dissolved solutes, from your blood cells. Each nephron in your kidneys has a microscopic filter, called a glomerulus that is constantly filtering your blood.
11. Feedback loops are when the body responds to signals, like insulin, that appear when the balance of something is off. When blood sugar is too high, insulin signals the liver to absorb more blood sugar, returning it to normal. When blood sugar is low, glucagon signals the body to release stored glucose to raise blood sugar back to normal.
12. Ingestion is when food comes into the body through the mouth and down the esophagus. Digestion begins with chemically with enzymes in saliva, and mechanically with the teeth, and continues when food (as a bolus) enters the stomach to be dissolved by acid and pepsin. Food (chyme) then goes into the small intestine where nutrients are absorbed through the villi. Waste is then eliminated through the large intestine, rectum, and anus.
A protease is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the peptide bonds that tie polypeptide chains together, releasing individual amino acid subunits. The L and D nomenclature for amino acids defines the structure of the glyceraldehyde isomer through which the amino acid can be produced.
SEE BELOW FOR THE APPROPRIATE STRUCTURES.
We need to figure out why swine proteases hydrolyze L-amino acids but not D-amino acids in any way. we know that enzymatic catalysts act as polypeptides if you can recall. They must retain a very precise three-dimensional structure for a catalytic activity to occur. Substrates that do not quite match the required configuration at the active site will not be reacted to — this is a "lock and key" style.
The present exercise may be explained by the fact that the configuration and structure of D-amino acids prevent them from binding properly to the active site of the protease enzyme. Perhaps they're pointed in the wrong direction, or perhaps there happens to be missing electrical interaction that's needed to keep the substrate in position.
Nonetheless, L-amino acids, on the other hand, seem to have the right configurational aspects in the active site and are hydrolyzed.
