According to the repost made by US Surgeon General
released in 2014, a total of 7,787,000 people died from smoking induced
cardiovascular disease from 1965 to 2014. Cigarette smoking and second-hand
tobacco smoke has been causally linked to cardiovascular diseases.
Answer:
vaccination
Explanation:
The vaccination has been one of the most revolutionary inventions in the medical field. This invention helped protect people from numerous diseases, some being totally neutralized, while some having only minor effects on the human body. The vaccination basically is a way of enhancing the immune system of the body by injecting in it a weakened form of the pathogen. In this way, the weakened form of the pathogen is not capable to harm the body, and the body is not fighting against it, but instead the pathogen becomes part of the body and its defense mechanism, so when the pathogen strikes, the body has a counter attack and defeats it.
Answer:
1. Surface (substratum) is preconditioned by environment molecules.
4. Microbes attach and detach from the preconditioned surface.
2.Quorum sensing and the establishment of the extracellular matrix commences as microbes attach more stably.
3. Biofilm matures and some microorganisms escape to the plank-tonic state.
Explanation:
Biofilm is a process in which microorganism irreversibly attach and grow on the surface to produce extra cellular polymers that facilitate formation of matrix. The biofilm process takes three days for the formation after which thickness of plaque increases. There are 4 main steps in biofilm formation. Surface is preconditioned by environment molecules. The microbes attach the preconditioned surface. Establishment of extra cellular matrix and finally biofilm matures.
Answer:
Vaccination involves showing the immune system something which looks very similar to a particular virus or bacteria, which helps the immune system be stronger when it is fighting against the real infection.
Explanation: "it is what it is".
The plant cells communicate across cell walls through Plasmodesmata.
how do plant cells communicate across cell walls?
- Between tiny channels woven through the walls of neighboring plant cells, plant cells can communicate with one another through channels referred to as plasmodesmata.
- These channels enable chemicals to move freely between cells, allowing plants to grow regularly and form tissues and organs.
- However, plasmodesmata also act as entryways that viruses can employ to infect an increasing number of cells.
- Given these advantages and disadvantages, plants must balance the permeability of their plasmodesmata in order to move materials from one cell to another while preventing the spread of infection.
Learn more about the Plasmodesmata with the help of the following link:
brainly.com/question/6220658
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