Answer:
True, by active transport
Explanation:
The influx and efflux of molecules through the cell membrane depend on the concentration gradient.
When the molecules down their concentration gradient that is from higher concentration to lower concentration are known as passive transport but sometimes the cell has to transport the ions against the concentration gradient.
When the ions move against the concentration gradient, they use energy in the form of ATP molecules and then transport the ions. This is known as active transport.
In the given question, since the sodium ions move inside the cell against the concentration gradient by the active transport.
Answer:
Taxol alters cytosolic calcium signaling by opening mitochondrial pores
Explanation:
Taxol is an antimitotic (i.e., cytotoxic) agent used in chemotherapy to kill cancer cells. Taxol is an antimitotic drug that has been successfully used in different types of cancer including ovarian cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, sarcoma, etc. Recently, it has been shown that Taxol may induce rapid cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) response by producing a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential associated with the loss of mitochondrial Ca(2+). In consequence, it has been proposed that the side effects of chemotherapy might be associated with the action of cytotoxic agents such as Taxol which alters mitochondrial function and Ca(2+) signaling cascade.
Answer:
Oxygen
Explanation:
The electrons present in an atom are arranged in shells or orbitals. The electrons are filled into these shells based on their energy levels with those shells closest to the nucleus filled first as they have the lowest energies.
The arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of an atom is known as electronic configuration. The outermost electron shell of an atom is known as a valence shell shell and the electrons found in this shell are known as valence electrons. The electrons usually exist in pairs. The first shell can only contain two electrons; the second shell can contain 8. the electrons are singly filled first before pairing occurs.
The electronic configuration of the atoms of the elements in the option are as follows:
Helium : 1s² ; valence electrons are 2 which are both paired
Hydrogen: 1s¹ ; valence electron is 1
Oxygen : 1s²2s²2p⁴ ; valence electrons are 6 wit two unpaired electrons
Lithium : 1s²2s¹ ; valence electron is 1
Helium has two valence electrons but they are paired as its 1s shell can only contain a maximum of two electrons.
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons. Two of these electrons are paired <em>while the other two are unpaired.</em>
Because of the food chain link between clovers, deers, and wolves, when the population of clovers decrease, deers will starve and their population will decrease. Same thing happens to the wolves, because their food source is the deer, unless they hunt other prey, they will also starve.
