Answer:
a. Suppose GP issues $ 100$100 million of new stock to buy back the debt. What is the expected return of the stock after this transaction?
b. Suppose instead GP issues $ 50.00$50.00 million of new debt to repurchase stock. i. If the risk of the debt does not change, what is the expected return of the stock after this transaction?
ii. If the risk of the debt increases, would the expected return of the stock be higher or lower than when debt is issued to repurchase stock in part (i)?
- If the risk of the debt increases, then the cost of the debt will increase. Therefore, the company will need to spend more money paying the interests related to the new debt which would decrease the ROE compared to the 18% of (i). Since we do not know the new cost of the debt, we cannot know exactly by how much it will affect the ROE, but I assume it will still be higher than the previous ROE.
Explanation:
common stock $200 million
total debt $100 million
required rate of return 15%
cost of debt 6%
current profits = ($200 million x 15%) + ($100 x 6%) = $30 million + $6 million = $36 million
if equity increases to $300 million, ROI = 36/300 = 12
if instead new debt is issued at 6%:
equity 150 million, debt 150 million
cost of debt = 150 million x 6% = $9 million
remaining profits = $36 - $9 = $27 million
ROI = 27/150 = 18%
This is the situation of countries like Germany,
Where exports > imports...
The results is definitely good for the country. It will increase its trade surplus. This allow the country to amassed a huge number of foreign reserves which they can use to invest abroad..
While countries that import > exports, will experienced trade loss/deficit (just think it like the reverse)
Answer:
1. Record the time worked on a client project by professional staff.
The first thing is do is to record the time the client was worked on by a professional staff because CPAs should be charging by the hour.
2. Record the completion of a client project.
The record the completion of a client project so that the project can be considered finished. The total hours worked will be totalized here.
3. Record the application of office overhead.
After the completion of the project the overhead costs are now apportioned and recorded.
Answer:
It is not efficiently using all of its resources.
Explanation:
PPC is the graphical representation of product combinations that an economy can produce, given resources & technology.
- Points on PPC reflect the best potential production of economy, by best efficient utilisation of available resources & technology.
- Any point under PPC reflects production under best potential of economy, by inefficient utilisation of resources.
- Points beyond PPC are unattainable, unless growth in either resources/ technology shifts the PPC curve outwards.
