Answer:
The history of GIS all started in 1854. Cholera hit the city of London, England. British physician John Snow began mapping outbreak locations, roads, property boundaries, and water lines.
John Snow’s Cholera map was a major event connecting geography and public health safety. Not only was this the beginning of spatial analysis, but it also marked the start of a whole field of study: Epidemiology – the study of the spread of disease.
To this date, John Snow is known as the father of epidemiology. The work of John Snow demonstrated that GIS is a problem-solving tool. He put geographic layers on a paper map and made a life-saving discovery.
Explanation:
Tiktaalik is a transitional fossil which shows how fish evolved into amphibians and reptiles. So the correct option is B.
What is Tiktaalik?
Tiktaalik is a direct ancestor of tetrapods or four-legged animals. It is an extinct fish-like animal and it lived on earth 380-385 million years ago (Devonian period).
The word Tiktaalik is derived from the <em>Inuktitut</em> language which loosely translates to large freshwater fish. This animal had characteristics of both fish and tetrapod and is therefore called the link between these two kinds of animals.
The characters resembling fish are gills and scales and the characters resembling tetrapods are rib bones, movable neck and lungs. There are characters that are a mix of both tetrapods and fish. These are bones and joints in limbs but fish-like fins instead of feet or hands.
Read more about Tiktaalik, here
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<span>here you go Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages. Convergent evolution creates analogous structures that have similar form or function but were not present in the last common ancestor of those groups. The cladistic term for the same phenomenon is homoplasy.</span>
Answer: the half life of the material is four years
