Aquatic organisms have external fertilization and reproduction is done through mating of male and female.
<h3>How do aquatic vertebrates reproduce?</h3>
All vertebrates reproduce through mating of male and female. Aquatic species generally have external fertilization, whereas terrestrial species usually have internal fertilization.
In conclusion, aquatic organisms have external fertilization and reproduce through mating of male and female.
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Answer:
Osmosis occurs where the movement of water move from a region of high water potential to a region of low water potential.
The water potential in blood capillaries need to be higher than the water content in intestinal so that the water will move from blood to intestine which cause diarrhea.
The white adipose serves as the body's chief storage site for lipids.
The body only uses the amount of nutrients and energy it needs to function, any excess after that is what is stored in the adipose tissue. Lipids are stored in the body in different forms such as, triglycerides, fat cells, cell membranes and lipoproteins. Adipose tissue, or fat, is an anatomical term for loose connective tissue composed of adipocytes.
Answer:
a. True, b. False, c.True, d. True
Explanation:
a. Base excision repair is started by a DNA glycosylase that recognizes the changes and removes the altered base by cleavage of the glycosidic bond binding the base and the deoxyribose sugar together.
b. Nucleotide excision repair works by a cut-and patch mechanism that removes their heavy lesions, including pyrimidine dimers and nucleotides . Endonucleases are responsible for the lesion of the damaged strand.
c. Nucleotide excision repair is initiated by the proteins namely UvrA, UvrC, and UvrB in Escherichia coli.
-UvrD (helicase II) later removes the damaged strand
-DNA polymerase I (PolI) fills in the resulting gap.
d. DNA glycolases removes the damaged nitrogenous base.
-It leaves the sugar-phosphate backbone intact and thus creating an apurinic/apyrimidinic site, which is commonly referred to as an AP site.
e. Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A(XPA)
-This is an essential protein in the nucleotide excision repair pathway.
- It helps to make a pre-incision complex along with other proteins.
