Answer:
Humans and marine organisms use sound finding depth of the ocean and objects.
Explanation:
Humans and marine organisms use sound for some underwater tasks such as finding depth of the ocean and objects. Human use sonar which is a device used to explore the ocean and animals use echolocation to find food and identify objects that comes in their way. Sonar is present in submarine uses sound waves to detect objects that comes in their way so both humans and marine organisms use sounds.
Answer: It is approximately the membrane potential at which the electrochemical gradient for Na+ is zero.
Explanation:
The charge in plasma membrane occurs with diffusion and electric fields.
For example, if there are two solutions, let's assume solution X and Solution Y are separated by a porous barrier (to diffuse in equal proportions).
The fundamental principle of diffusion states that solution from a high concentration diffuses to a lower concentration.
For instance, if the X solution contains 40 sodium ions and 40 chloride ions, the Y solution only has 30 sodium and 30 chloride ions. Due to the diffusion, these two solutions will mix and reach a steady-state.
The like charges repel, and opposite charges attract.
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