Molecules that are present in the membranes of gram-negative bacteria and are the best-known pamps are called Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs).
Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are the primary outer surface membrane elements present in almost all Gram-negative bacteria and it act as extremely strong stimulators of the innate or natural immunity in the diverse eukaryotic species ranging from insects to humans.
Eukaryotes are the organisms whose cells contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. eukaryote, any cell or organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus. The first eukaryotic cells was evolved about 2 billion years ago. In this Cells with nuclei surrounded by a nuclear envelope with nuclear pores.
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Answer:
Mutualism
Explanation:
When the two different population species interact in such a manner that it is beneficial to each other, then this form of interaction is called mutualism.
Answer: The study, by Dr. Tim Brodribb and Dr. Taylor Field of the University of Tasmania and University of Tennessee, used plant physiology to reveal how flowering plants, including crops, were able to dominate land by evolving more efficient hydraulics, or 'leaf plumbing', to increase rates of photosynthesis.
Explanation: The reason for the success of this evolutionary step is that under relatively low atmospheric C02 conditions, like those existing at present, water transport efficiency and photosynthetic performance are tightly linked. Therefore adaptations that increase water transport will enhance maximum photosynthesis, exerting substantial evolutionary leverage over competing species.
The evolution of dense leaf venation in flowering plants, around 140-100 million years ago, was an event with profound significance for the continued evolution of flowering plants. This step provided a 'cretaceous productivity stimulus package' which reverberated across the biosphere and led to these plants playing the fundamental role in the biological and atmospheric functions of the earth.
Explanation:
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